In preparing financial statements, the accountant has several measurement systems to choose from. Assets, for example, may be measured at what they cost in the past or what they could be sold for now, to mention only two possibilities. To enable users to interpret statements with confidence, companies in similar industries should use the same measurement concepts or principles. If the tax administration discovers that additional tax is due, a deficiency statement is issued. Virtually all countries that levy income taxes require withholding on wages and salaries. Accounting systems are designed mainly to provide information that managers and outsiders can use in decision making. They also serve other purposes: to produce operating documents, to protect the company's assets, to provide data for income tax returns, and, in some cases, to provide the basis for reimbursement of costs by clients or customers. Accounting systems must provide means of reducing the chance of losses of assets due to carelessness or dishonesty on the part of employees, suppliers, and customers. Organised in two volumes consisting of total twenty five chapters, this work focuses on basic issues and principles of Accounting. Thus this has become encyclopaedic in nature. Teaching aspect is emphasized in particular. As all the issues in the context of Teaching Accounting have been discussed in the present book in detail, it is hoped that it will be a very useful volume work for all concerned.

In the world of technological modernization, mass media, which includes electronic and print media, is deeply embedded in the society. What to say about newspaper, TV etc., the Internet has become a household commodity. As now our life keeps on evolving and is dependent on the media so its influence in shaping people's idea and their ways of thinking cannot be neglected. But it is we who are to decide that to what extent the media should affect our life. The mass media puts an impact on people's mind to conceive an idea. With the Internet this influence will further increase and in future people will rely more on different media or form an opinion or an idea. People are becoming more and more aware nowadays and this is only due to the media. But at the same time we have to keep a check on this so that it does not misguide our coming generation. This work highlights role of Media in social life in India. The entire information is gathered under twenty nine chapters. This is likely to prove useful and informative to all the concerned.

Statistics is the science of collecting, analyzing, presenting, and interpreting data. Governmental needs for census data as well as information about a variety of economic activities provided much of the early impetus for the field of statistics. Currently the need to turn the large amounts of data available in many applied fields into useful information has stimulated both theoretical and practical developments in statistics. Data are the facts and figures that are collected, analysed, and summarized for presentation and interpretation. Data may be classified as either quantitative or qualitative. Quantitative data measure either how much or how many of something, and qualitative data provide labels, or names, for categories of like items. Sample survey methods are used to collect data from observational studies, and experimental design methods are used to collect data from experimental studies. The area of descriptive statistics is concerned primarily with methods of presenting and interpreting data using graphs, tables, and numerical summaries. Methods of probability were developed initially for the analysis of gambling games. Probability plays a key role in statistical inference; it is used to provide measures of the quality and precision of the inferences. Many of the methods of statistical inference are described in this work. This work encompasses encyclopaedic information Statistics, which will prove vade mecum to one and all.

The financial institutions take on a direct and active role for financing developmental activities and ensuring credit flow in the desired direction. The role of the State Industrial development Corporation (SIDCs) in the industrial development of the north-eastern states of India has been exemplary in this respect. SIDC in hill-bound land locked areas is the maiden institution to facilitate industrial development. The object of this study is to examine how far industrialisation been taking place in Sikkim. The study addresses itself in particular to the following questions related to Sikkim: What was the general state of economy? What was the contribution of SIDICO ( SIDC for Sikkim) to the process of industrialization? What were the sectors developed in consonance with financial credit policies and sustainable ecological balance? This pioneering research-oriented study on industrial development of the state will prove highly useful and informative to academics and policy planners alike.