This book presents a critical appraisal of the co-operatives in India. It examines the problems and suggests the ways and means for improving their working and management. The book, compiled in ten chapters, has made an extensive and exhaustive probe of all the effectiveness of an organisation.

Certainly, the book will prove usefully and informative to all co-operatives concerned and personnel, policy-makers, researchers, and teachers of economics, commerce, management and public administration.

In our constitutional setup the Finance Commission has far-reaching and enduring significance because fiscal transfers from the Union to the States became necessary in India due to both vertical and horizontal federal fiscal imbalances. Visualizing this, the constitution has provided for an impartial and periodic Finance Commission to recommend devolutions to states to rectify these imbalances. The significant aspect of this book is that it makes a detailed and analytical study of the working of the Finance Commissions, covering historical, constitutional and political aspects. Further, it is an in depth study of their composition, terms of reference, powers and procedure of work. A major portion of this work is devoted to an extensive and critical study of the principles adopted by these Commissions for assessing the needs of the States for distributing and allocating the divisible taxes between the Centre and the States. Besides, this study makes a searching and critical appraisal of the approaches of these Commissions to the issue of grants-in-aid to States.

Nowadays, nearly everyone knows about "empowerment." The idea of getting improved business results by empowering people isn't novel, or even controversial, anymore. And why should it be? There are lots of examples of successful companies and improvement programs that would have only worked with an empowered workforce. People Empowerment is one of the best ways to involve employees in any improvement program. To be successful, a People Empowerment process must recognize, congratulate, and reward employees for their commitment to a "problem solving and corrective action" way of doing business.

However, too often many companies are very unsuccessful in implementing a People Empowerment program and therefore it's a challenge of globalisation. The present work addresses all these issues in coherent way.

Economics deals with the study of various activities of man directed towards acquisition of wealth and earning of money. In our country we have very old Economic traditions. It was about 500 B.C. that Kautilya, the famous Indian thinker wrote the book Arthshastra. Since then, a tremendous change has been occurred in economics and it has gone much away from the old tradition of economics. In its present the economics of the day may be considered as the boon of British Rule in India. It was through the contact of the Indian life with that of European world brought the subject of economics to the Indian education. Economics now forms an integral part of our educational system.

It is beyond doubt that the knowledge of Economics has a practical utility for knowledge of Civics, History, Geography and other social sciences. A study of Economics provides us the knowledge of various resources and their practical utility. Knowledge of Economics has been used in making various new inventions and discoveries. Study of Economics helps us to know about various gains and losses.