Ladakh has its own strategic importance in respect to its location with respect to surroundings countries and their culture. This profile throws a light upon all these aspects which will prove useful to the readers. Ladakh has been a place of interest from times immemorial for scholars, traders, travellers, saints and historians who have visited the place at different times and added to its rich and old heritage. The virgin mountain ranges in Ladakh and world famous Buddhist monasteries of Ladakh spread all over the Himalayas right from the Kailash Range, Garo and Khasi in the North-East, Zanskar and Gilgit in the west, Kinnore and Dharamsala in the south of Ladakh are the main attractions in additions to the rarely known snow clad peaks like Nun-Kun of Kargil range always remain an inspiration for all types of tourists including the scientists and researchers in different fields. This profile shall prove helpful for their guidance. Organised in fifteen chapters, this book provides encyclopaedic information on the land and people of Ladakh Himalayas.

Social Science is the study of human society and of individual relationships with it. Often these studies are referred to in the plural as the Social Sciences, including geography, history, government, and sociology, taught at various levels from school to college to university and to specialized research institutions. This "International Encyclopedia of Social Science" has been formulated as per the educational goals of Social Studies in India and abroad. It includes subject areas, such as: Anthropology and Archaeology: Area Studies; Business and management; Communications; Disability Studies; Economics; Education; Environmental Studies; ethnic Studies; Futures Studies; Gender Studies; Genealogy; Geography; Gerontology; History; Humanities; Law; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Trans-gendered Studies; Library and Information Science; Linguistics and Human Languages; Migration and Ethnic Relations; Organizational Studies; Peace and Conflict Studies; Philosophy; Political Science; Cultural Studies; Psychology; Recreation and Leisure Studies; Research Tools and Methods; Rural Development; Science; Technology, and Society Studies; Sexology; Social Engineering; Social Policy; Social Research; Social Welfare; Social work; Sociology; Statistics; Urban Studies; Women's Studies; etc. The "International Encyclopedia of Social Science" contains entries varying from definition of key terms and biography of key theorist to surveys of leading concepts, debates, themes and schools. This unique multi-volume reference Encyclopedia offers readers a similar education as that of social science researchers. It has been compiled in a way so that it remains easily accessible to general readers. Most entries do not require any advanced knowledge to understand the purposes of each selected entry. The Encyclopedia has been authored by leading specialists in the field under the direction of a select editorial team. It is well referenced and the bibliography is provided in detail. There is an exhaustive index at the end. This "International Encyclopedia of Social Science" will be valuable to readers and researchers in Social Science and humanities at all academic levels. As a teaching resource it will be useful to both instructors and students alike and will become a potent reference source. It will form an essential publication worth keeping for general and academic collections, especially in libraries of all types. The board of editors has therefore worked to produce this "International Encyclopedia of Social Science" Just like a user-friendly reference book for students and researchers in Social Sciences and humanities. It is hoped that the major users of this work will be students, facility, and researchers in academic, special, and large public libraries.

The Islamic view of society is theocratic in the sense that the goal of all Muslims is "God's rule on earth." This does not, however, imply clerical rule, although religious authorities have had considerable political influence in some Muslim societies. Islamic social philosophy is based on the belief that all spheres of life-spiritual , social, political, and economic-form an indivisible unity that must be thoroughly imbued with Islamic values. This ideal informs such concepts are "Islamic Law" and the "Islamic state" and accounts for Islam's strong emphasis on social life and social duties. Even the cardinal religious duties prescribed in the five pillars of Islam have clear social implications. Allthough the modernist ideas were based on plausible interpretations of the Koran, they were bitterly opposed by Islamic fundamentalists, especially after the 1930's. The reaction against modernism has been gathering momentum since that time for several reasons. The fundamentalists do not oppose modern education, science, and technology per se, but they accuse the modernists of being purveyors of Western morality. They believe that the emancipation of women, as conceived by the West, is responsible for the disintegration of the family and for permissive sexual morality. Some fundamentalists are suspicious of democracy because they do not trust the moral sense of the masses. Moreover, modernist leaders and officials in some Muslim countries have failed to improve significantly the condition of the mostly poor and rapidly increasing populations of those countries. Finally, and perhaps most important, the bitter resentment Muslims feel toward Western colonialism has made many of them regard everything Western as evil. Althoug

Islam is a universal religion. As a scientific, logical and philosophical faith, it has left an everlasting impact on the whole-world. Islam has in particular influenced Indian civilization and culture, thanks to its centuries old presence in the subcontinent. This comprehensive book deals with Islam's influence on Indian culture, civilisation and society and as well as the impact of Indian philosophy, civilization and culture tradition on Islam itself.