In the annals of literature on crime, 'White Collar Criminality' is the coinage of renowned American Sociologist Edwin Sutherland who defined it as 'a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status, in the course of his occupation. White Collar Crime is an illegal act or series of illegal acts or doing of legal act for achieving an illegal objective committed by any person by non-physical and/or non-violent means and by guile, to gain money or property wrongfully or to avoid payment of legal dues or retain money. White collar crimes which are mostly economic offences are broadly categorized in certain classes like-banking and allied fields, tax and duty evasion and smuggling, foreign exchange and export-import violation, violation of industrial labour and environmental regulations, hoarding and black marketing, adulteration of foods and drugs, Hawala and other benami transactions, bribery and other corrupt practices, coordinated drug trafficking and money laundering etc. Recent crimes of sort are cyber crimes, i.e. crimes related to internet, website etc.

In most of developing countries, where corruption in public life is at zenith-the degree of white collar crime has also reached the menacing dimensions. Government officials from bottom to top, are frequently reported to be engaged in many such crimes. This work, in two volumes, provides encyclopaedic information on white collar crimes.

'Criminal Investigation' is a unique type of professional activity which requires specific skill, human instinct and intellectual analytical, power. This is a logical, legal and objective enquiry for identifying criminals for serving the ends of justice. Identification of the offender; apprehending the offender quickly as required by legal provisions for trial of the case by the court of law; gathering and preserving evidence to establish the guilt; aiding prosecution and conviction of criminals; and recovering stolen property are the main objective of crime detection. In the present age when time and space are loosing conventional meaning, science and technology has changed the entire scenario of every day social life, crime detection has become more rigid and complex. As such it requires modern technique and scientific equipments.

In the present volumes, relevant information on diverse aspects of criminal investigation are covered in the light of latest research and developments in the field. As the trends in criminal activities and offences are changing, especially in the age of electronics and computers, relevant information on these aspects is also incorporated.

Conventionally, 'Training' is the process of bringing a person, etc. to an agreed standard of proficiency etc., by practices and instruction. As such a particular profession requires a certain type of training for proficiency. The job of police is of typical nature-hence police training is and ought to be of very specific nature. A rigorous physical training, training in arms and martial art will not suffice. Ever alertness and peeling eyes of a hawk, deep understanding of human psychology and mass behaviour, instant decision-making, general acquaintance with the laws of the land and forensic science, discipline in personal and professional life etc. are some of the characteristics a policeman must master.

This book contains encyclopaedic information on Police training, necessary for officers and rank and files. Recommendations of Police Commission on police training are also included.

Forces having a degree of military capability though not a branch of regular army are classified as paramilitary forces. Members of a paramilitary force receive basic military training and equipped with sophisticated firearms comparable to a regular army unit and are often integrated with country's armed forces. Paramilitary forces in India are under the direct control of Ministry of Home Affairs of Govt. of India. Currently, the Assam Rifles, Railway Protection Force, Central Reserve Police Force, SSB, CISF, BSF, ITBP, RAF, NSG and SPG are operating as paramilitary forces in India. Their performance and role in the security (both external and internal) of the country have been remarkably superb and distinguished.

This work in two volumes gives a categorical account of these forces-history, organization, recruitment and training, role performance and achievements etc.

Certainly the information culled from authoritative sources will prove of utmost use to one and all concerned.